Geologic Time

1. The age of the dinosaurs era was called the mesozoic era.
2. The carboniferous period is famous for coal swamps.
3. The ordovician period was the period after the "explosion of life"
4. Modern humans first appeared in the holocene epoch.
5. The permian extinction marked the end of the Mesozoic Era
6. The last age in Michigan was during the Pleistone period
7. era, period, epoch


Geologic Time

Florida's Sinkholes

Plant Management in Florida Water

1. Sinkholes originate beneath the surface when groundwater moves through the limestone and erodes large voids, or cavities, in the bedrock.

2. broken irrigations systems or broken storm pipes.

3.They start to get more unstable, get bigger, and form lakes.

4. Harmful wastes may be involved.

Nashville Floods

Floods Prompt Evacuations in Nashville

1. What caused the flooding was the rising of the Cumberland River, overflowing from two days of drenching thunderstorms.
2. The Cumberland River was 5o feet above what it normally is.
3. Nashvilles water treatment plants were submerged under water. So pumping water didn't work. They had people lower the consumption of water...and it didn't work either.

Oil Diaster

Ezra Klein's Wonkbook

1. It caught fire then came the explosion
2. The coast of New Orleans and the coast of The Gulf Of Mexico.
3. It kills the animals, causes pollution and fires.
4. Bigger than football fields
5. They are trying to put a big dome over it to stop it from leaking and going onto the shore. No success because it is crystalizing.

Windspires

Warren Consolidated Schools

Grosse Pointe North shouldn't raise money for a windspire. I feel like many people would think it was a waste of money kind of like the pond. Yes the windspire could be a interesting and a unique way to learn, but it would also take a lot to raise all that money for the windspire.

Most neighbors may get annoyed from the noise or the fact that its 35 feet tall. They may also be concerned that the windspire may lower their property cost.

Windspires would help with the needs of our house because we use lots of electricity and with the windspire it will lower the bill a little and be better for the environment.

Kennecotts

support:
1.before building a new water-treatment plant to meet the state and federal water discharge quality standards. Humboldt’s millworks will be upgraded or replaced.
2. It will bring full time jobs with good wages, to help the economy.
Michigan Mine Clears Permitting Hurdles

opposed to mine:
3. AMD is Acid Mine Drainage. It is caused from creating a brew of toxic heavy metals.
4. There are concerns on how it is effecting the environment, the economy, and the community.
Sulfide and Uranium Mining

Kennecott's Plan:
5. They will use the sub-aqueous disposal method. It permanently places tailings underwater so it prevents oxidation and harms animals or causes an other environmental issues.
Kennecottt Eagle Minerals

Icelands Volcanoe

1. The plate tectonics could have caused a small earthquake and shook the volcano causing it to erupt.

2. The air is now polluted and is dangerous for humans and animals.

3.Because it is all ash and you can't fly a plane through the ash. It also messes up the engine.

4. The U.S. is far from where the volcano erupted.


Volcano -Eyjafjallajökull Volcano in Iceland Erupts, Disrupts Travel

Pictures-Iceland's disruptive volcano

MINERALS IN DAILY LIFE.

1. Graphite:

This is used for the lead in pencils and is used for lubricant for machinery. I use it for lead in pencils to write in school everyday.

2.Galena:

This mineral is in batteries. We use battery operated things everyday

3. Fluorite:

It is used in our toothpastes. I use toothpaste twice a day to brush my teeth.

4.Halite:

This is used to preserve food and for food seasonings. Most people like to season their food and we all consume food everyday.

Rock and Mineral Uses

Michigan Minerals!

http://www.webmineral.com/data/Gypsum.shtml- GYPSUM MINERAL DATA

http://www.minerals.net/mineral/sulfates/gypsum/gypsum.htm#Picture- GYPSUM

GYPSUM.

1.CaSO4.2(H2O)

2.Used for wallboards and plastic products.

3.Colorless, white, gray, black, pink, many colors

QUARTZ.

1.SiO2

2.Quartz is used mostly for jewelry

3. Comes in various colors.. mostly any color in the rainbow.

http://www.webmineral.com/data/Quartz.shtml- QUARTZ MINERAL DATA

Metamorphic Rocks

Slate: Slate is a foliated metamorphic rock that is formed through the metamorphism of shale. It is a low grade metamorphic rock that splits into thin and tiny pieces.

common use: roofing slate...for roofing.

Marble: Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock that is produced from the metamorphism of limestone. It is composed of calcium carbonate.

common use: counter tops or carvings and sculptures

Quartzite: Quartzite is a non-foliated metamorphic rock that is produced by the metamorphism of sandstone. It is composed of quartz.

common use: flooring or even in fire places or walling.

http://geology.com/rocks/metamorphic-rocks.shtml -Metamorphic Rocks and Pictures.

Igneous Rocks

http://geology.com/rocks/igneous-rocks.shtml - igneous rocks

Granite: This Igneous rock can be used to make counter tops it is a building stone. It is intrusive and is a felsic type of rock.

Basalt: Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock. Crushed basalt is used for railroad ballast.

Gypsum:Processed gypsum is used in industrial or building plaster, prefabricated wallboard, cement manufacture, and for agriculture.

Graphite:Graphite is the crystal form of carbon. It is used as a dry lubricant and steel hardener and for brake linings and the production of "lead" in pencils.

Copper:Copper is used in electric cables and wires, switches, plumbing; heating, electrical, and roofing materials; electronic components; industrial machinery and equipment; transportation; consumer and general products; coins; and jewelry.

Canada

pros:

-it helps the environment

-we will have green energy.

-better for the air

cons:

-its very expensive

-it affects shoreline property values.

-turbines are ugly

My opinion is that Canada should go through with this because it is helping us with the environment. It may cost a ton of money but there helping us too. The view and the fishing business is not really that big of a deal because we can import seafood and fish from other places or buy it at the grocery store. People can get used to the view also, even though it will bring down property value. We need clean air to live and to have nature as well.

We could protest against this. We can even talk to Canada about the cause and effects of installing turbines. We could convince them to wait a while and see what happens first as well.

article

Ring of Fireeeee

earthquakes&volcanoes
Is there also a relationship between the plate boundaries of Earth and volcanoes? Yes there is. Were some volcanoes are on the map there are some earthquakes too. For example there are earthquakes and volcanoes all along the west coast on the whole North American continent.


boundries
Aleutian Islands: Ocean-continent convergent boundary
Cascades Volcanoes:Continent-continent convergent boundary
San Andreas Fault Zone:Ocean-continent convergent boundary

Plate Tectonics

The breakup of Pangea was 225 million years ago. The continental breakup that almost happened in Michigan occurred 1.1 billion years ago. The kind of rock that now fills the Keweenawan Rift is basalt. This happened during the Early Carboniferous period, 356 million years ago, Michigan was on the Equator at the time. The Mediterranean Mountains will be north of Africa in the future world. They say in 250 million years North America will be joined with South America and Africa.

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072402466/student_view0/chapter19/animations_and_movies.html
2003 Physical Geography
http://www.geo.msu.edu/geogmich/rift_zone.html
Mid-Continental Rift Zone
http://www.scotese.com/earth.htm
Paleomap Project, Christopher R. Scotese 2002

Earthquakes

How many earthquakes have happened today?
Febuary 03, 2010- 10 Earthquakes
Most recent earthquake: California, Febuary 1st
Most earthquakes seem to happen in: California
Most earthquakes happen in South America around the Western coast.
As you go from west to east in South America the depths get deeper.

http://www.iris.washington.edu/servlet/eventserver/map.do- IRIS earthquake brower
http://www.iris.edu/seismon- Seismic Monitor

clouds.

Mammatus clouds are very harmless.

Lenticular clouds they are seen by mountains or hills.

Roll clouds caused by thunderstorms.

Noctilucent clouds form by sunsets.

White Christmas!

Thundersnow
^
Thundersnow is a thunderstorm than has snow reaching the surface instead of rain. Usually thunder and lightening are more commonly observed with warm season thunderstorms.


Rime snow
^
Rime snow is usually firm and crunchy. Rime snows forms on the top of other snow in very extreme weather.

Watermelon snow
^ Watermelon snow is usually pink in color and on the top of mountains in California or Nevada.

Firn snow
^ Firn snow is snow that has been left over from past seasons and has been crystalized.

UNFCC

Website 1

The United Nations Framework on Climate Change Confrence or COP 15's goal for this week is to was to establish a global climate agreement for the period 2012 when the first commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol expires. It's different because it is linked to the UNFCC. The feature of the Kyoto Protocol is that it sets targets for 37 industrialial countries and the European areas for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

3 way we can prevent climate change:
- reduce your carbon footprint.
- we can be smarter about choosing our seafood.

- we can change light bulbs!

I can use energy saving lightbulbs in my home so it saves money and helps the climate!

spheres.

Nothing really tells us what did kill the dinosaurs , It remains a mystery. There are many theorys that might have caused the dinosaurs extinction. An asteroid could crash into the lithosphere which is the earths crust. It can cause earth quakes and volcanic eruptions. It can even effect the hydrosphere which is the solid, lliquid, and gaseuous forms of water on earth. It could cause floods and drought which means the dinosaurs either drown or can't get any water. This is a big one. If an asteroid came down and hit the earth it can easly affect the biosphere. All plant and animal life is in the biosphere. If an asteroid hits any of that it can cause food shortages and even forest fires. Pretty soon there will be no food or shelter for the dinosaurs to eat or live in and there comes along extinction. The asteroid can affect the earths atmosphere too. From all the dust and debree coming off the asteroid, it can make the air polluted and hard to breathe. Some dinosaurs could stop breathing and die. It could even be hard to see too! The spheres that could have been involved are the:
-Lithosphere
-Biosphere
-Hydrosphere
-Atmosphere
There is another theory of the dinosaurs becoming extinct. A volcano could have erupted causing fires, drought, and even kill some of the dinosaurs. There many more examples of what could of happened.

Earth Spheres
Dinosaurs

atmosphereeeeeeeee.

ATMOSPHERE

1.I compared Queens, New York to Detroit, Michigan and Las Vegas, Nevada. The best air was Detroit. The worst air was Las vegas Nevada in Clark County from all the night life of down town by the strip.
2. Next i picked 3 states. I picked Florida, Michigan, and Oregon. The worst air was Florida. The best air was Oregon probably from all the nature!
3. I chose Chicago Illionois, the best time to visit is during the winter. The air is clean and fresh. The worst time to visit is the summer months like June, July, and, August. This is because the air is dirty from all the comotion down in the city in the summer.

The best city in michigan that has the best AQI reading would be Benton Harbor and Kalamazoo they both had 17's. The worst would be Saginaw. It has a 36 AQI number. I am doing this on Thursday November 19, 2009.

atmosphere:)
atmosphere:)2